ireland  /'ɑɪɚlənd/  /'ɑɪrlənd/

共發現 4 筆關於 [Ireland] 的資料 (解釋內文之英文單字均可再點入查詢)

資料來源(1): pydict data [pydict]

  Ireland
  愛爾蘭

資料來源(2): WordNet (r) 2.0 [wn]

  Ireland
       n 1: a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the
            island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United
            Kingdom in 1921 [syn: {Eire}, {Irish Free State}]
       2: an island comprising the republic of Ireland and Northern
          Ireland [syn: {Hibernia}, {Emerald Isle}]

資料來源(3): The CIA World Factbook (1995) [world95]

  Ireland
  
  Ireland:Geography
  
   Location: Western Europe, occupying five-sixths of the island of
   Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain
  
   Map references: Europe
  
   Area:
   total area: 70,280 sq km
   land area: 68,890 sq km
   comparative area: slightly larger than West Virginia
  
   Land boundaries: total 360 km, UK 360 km
  
   Coastline: 1,448 km
  
   Maritime claims:
   continental shelf: not specified
   exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
   territorial sea: 12 nm
  
   International disputes: Northern Ireland question with the UK; Rockall
   continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Iceland, and the UK
   (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall
   area)
  
   Climate: temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild
   winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the
   time
  
   Terrain: mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged
   hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast
  
   Natural resources: zinc, lead, natural gas, petroleum, barite, copper,
   gypsum, limestone, dolomite, peat, silver
  
   Land use:
   arable land: 14%
   permanent crops: 0%
   meadows and pastures: 71%
   forest and woodland: 5%
   other: 10%
  
   Irrigated land: NA sq km
  
   Environment:
   current issues: water pollution, especially of lakes, from
   agricultural runoff
   natural hazards: NA
   international agreements: party to - Air Pollution, Air
   Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Climate Change, Environmental Modification,
   Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer
   Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not
   ratified - Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Biodiversity, Desertification,
   Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation
  
   Note: strategic location on major air and sea routes between North
   America and northern Europe; over 40% of the population resides within
   60 miles of Dublin
  
  Ireland:People
  
   Population: 3,550,448 (July 1995 est.)
  
   Age structure:
   0-14 years: 24% (female 415,640; male 440,468)
   15-64 years: 64% (female 1,125,638; male 1,155,823)
   65 years and over: 12% (female 237,098; male 175,781) (July 1995 est.)
  
   Population growth rate: 0.33% (1995 est.)
  
   Birth rate: 14.04 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
  
   Death rate: 8.48 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
  
   Net migration rate: -2.22 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
  
   Infant mortality rate: 7.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
  
   Life expectancy at birth:
   total population: 75.99 years
   male: 73.15 years
   female: 79 years (1995 est.)
  
   Total fertility rate: 1.95 children born/woman (1995 est.)
  
   Nationality:
   noun: Irishman(men), Irishwoman(men), Irish (collective plural)
   adjective: Irish
  
   Ethnic divisions: Celtic, English
  
   Religions: Roman Catholic 93%, Anglican 3%, none 1%, unknown 2%, other
   1% (1981)
  
   Languages: Irish (Gaelic), spoken mainly in areas located along the
   western seaboard, English is the language generally used
  
   Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1981 est.)
   total population: 98%
  
   Labor force: 1.37 million
   by occupation: services 57.0%, manufacturing and construction 28%,
   agriculture, forestry, and fishing 13.5%, energy and mining 1.5%
   (1992)
  
  Ireland:Government
  
   Names:
   conventional long form: none
   conventional short form: Ireland
  
   Digraph: EI
  
   Type: republic
  
   Capital: Dublin
  
   Administrative divisions: 26 counties; Carlow, Cavan, Clare, Cork,
   Donegal, Dublin, Galway, Kerry, Kildare, Kilkenny, Laois, Leitrim,
   Limerick, Longford, Louth, Mayo, Meath, Monaghan, Offaly, Roscommon,
   Sligo, Tipperary, Waterford, Westmeath, Wexford, Wicklow
  
   Independence: 6 December 1921 (from UK)
  
   National holiday: Saint Patrick's Day, 17 March
  
   Constitution: 29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebescite
  
   Legal system: based on English common law, substantially modified by
   indigenous concepts; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme
   Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
  
   Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
  
   Executive branch:
   chief of state: President Mary Bourke ROBINSON (since 9 November
   1990); election last held 9 November 1990 (next to be held November
   1997); results - Mary Bourke ROBINSON 52.8%, Brian LENIHAN 47.2%
   head of government: Prime Minister John BRUTON (since 15 December
   1994)
   cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by president with previous nomination of
   the prime minister and approval of the House of Representatives
  
   Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament (Oireachtas)
   Senate (Seanad Eireann): elections last held NA February 1992 (next to
   be held NA February 1997); results - percent of vote by party NA;
   seats - (60 total, 49 elected) Fianna Fail 26, Fine Gael 16, Labor 9,
   Progressive Democrats 2, Democratic Left 1, independents 6
   House of Representatives (Dail Eireann): elections last held on 25
   November 1992 (next to be held by November 1997); results - Fianna
   Fail 39.1%, Fine Gael 24.5%, Labor Party 19.3%, Progressive Democrats
   4.7%, Democratic Left 2.8%, Sinn Fein 1.6%, Workers' Party 0.7%,
   independents 5.9%; seats - (166 total) Fianna Fail 68, Fine Gael 45,
   Labor Party 33, Progressive Democrats 10 Democratic Left 4, Greens 1,
   independents 5
  
   Judicial branch: Supreme Court
  
   Political parties and leaders: Democratic Left, Proinsias DE ROSSA;
   Fianna Fail, Bertie AHERN; Labor Party, Richard SPRING; Fine Gael,
   John BRUTON; Communist Party of Ireland, Michael O'RIORDAN; Sinn Fein,
   Gerry ADAMS; Progressive Democrats, Desmond O'MALLEY; The Workers'
   Party, Marion DONNELLY; Green Alliance, Bronwen MAHER
   note: Prime Minister BRUTON heads a three-party coalition consisting
   of the Fine Gael, the Labor Party, and the Democratic Left
  
   Member of: Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, EBRD, EC, ECE, EIB, ESA,
   FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
   ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MTCR, NEA,
   NSG, OECD, ONUSAL, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNIFIL,
   UNIKOM, UNOMOZ, UNOSOM, UNPROFOR, UNTSO, UPU, WEU (observer), WHO,
   WIPO, WMO, ZC
  
   Diplomatic representation in US:
   chief of mission: Ambassador Dermot A. GALLAGHER
   chancery: 2234 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
   telephone: [1] (202) 462-3939
   consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, New York, and San Francisco
  
   US diplomatic representation:
   chief of mission: Ambassador Jean Kennedy SMITH
   embassy: 42 Elgin Road, Ballsbridge, Dublin
   mailing address: use embassy street address
   telephone: [353] (1) 6687122
   FAX: [353] (1) 6689946
  
   Flag: three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and
   orange; similar to the flag of the Cote d'Ivoire, which is shorter and
   has the colors reversed - orange (hoist side), white, and green; also
   similar to the flag of Italy, which is shorter and has colors of green
   (hoist side), white, and red
  
  Economy
  
   Overview: The economy is small and trade dependent. Agriculture, once
   the most important sector, is now dwarfed by industry, which accounts
   for 37% of GDP, about 80% of exports, and employs 28% of the labor
   force. Although exports remain the primary engine for Ireland's robust
   growth, the economy is also benefiting from a rise in consumer
   spending and recovery in both construction and business investment.
   Ireland has substantially reduced its external debt since 1987, to 40%
   of GDP in 1994. Over the same period, inflation has fallen sharply and
   chronic trade deficits have been transformed into annual surpluses.
   Unemployment remains a serious problem, however, and job creation is
   the main focus of government policy. To ease unemployment, Dublin
   aggressively courts foreign investors and recently created a new
   industrial development agency to aid small indigenous firms.
   Government assistance is constrained by Dublin's continuing deficit
   reduction measures.
  
   National product: GDP - purchasing power parity - $49.8 billion (1994
   est.)
  
   National product real growth rate: 5.5% (1994 est.)
  
   National product per capita: $14,060 (1994 est.)
  
   Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.7% (1994 est.)
  
   Unemployment rate: 16% (1994 est.)
  
   Budget:
   revenues: $16 billion
   expenditures: $16.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
   (1994)
  
   Exports: $28 billion (f.o.b., 1994 est.)
   commodities: chemicals, data processing equipment, industrial
   machinery, live animals, animal products
   partners: EU 75% (UK 32%, Germany 13%, France 10%), US 9%
  
   Imports: $26 billion (c.i.f., 1994 est.)
   commodities: food, animal feed, data processing equipment, petroleum
   and petroleum products, machinery, textiles, clothing
   partners: EU 66% (UK 41%, Germany 8%, France 4%), US 15%
  
   External debt: $20 billion (1994 est.)
  
   Industrial production: growth rate 8.5% (1994 est.); accounts for 37%
   of GDP
  
   Electricity:
   capacity: 3,930,000 kW
   production: 14.9 billion kWh
   consumption per capita: 3,938 kWh (1993)
  
   Industries: food products, brewing, textiles, clothing, chemicals,
   pharmaceuticals, machinery, transportation equipment, glass and
   crystal
  
   Agriculture: accounts for 10% of GDP; principal crops - turnips,
   barley, potatoes, sugar beets, wheat; livestock - meat and dairy
   products; 85% self-sufficient in food; food shortages include bread
   grain, fruits, vegetables
  
   Illicit drugs: transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to
   the UK and Netherlands
  
   Economic aid:
   donor: ODA commitments (1980-89), $90 million
  
   Currency: 1 Irish pound (#Ir) = 100 pence
  
   Exchange rates: Irish pounds (#Ir) per US$1 - 0.6420 (January 1995),
   0.6676 (1994), 0.6816 (1993), 0.5864 (1992), 0.6190 (1991), 0.6030
   (1990)
  
   Fiscal year: calendar year
  
  Ireland:Transportation
  
   Railroads:
   total: 1,947 km
   broad gauge: 1,947 km 1.600-m gauge (36 km electrified; 485 km double
   track)
  
   Highways:
   total: 92,327 km
   paved: 86,787 km (32 km of expressways)
   unpaved: gravel, crushed stone 5,540 km (1992)
  
   Inland waterways: limited for commercial traffic
  
   Pipelines: natural gas 225 km
  
   Ports: Arklow, Cork, Drogheda, Dublin, Foynes, Galway, Limerick, New
   Ross, Waterford
  
   Merchant marine:
   total: 47 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 129,996 GRT/160,419 DWT
   ships by type: bulk 4, cargo 33, chemical tanker 2, container 2, oil
   tanker 1, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 2
  
   Airports:
   total: 44
   with paved runways over 3,047 m: 1
   with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
   with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4
   with paved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 2
   with paved runways under 914 m: 32
   with unpaved runways 914 to 1,523 m: 4
  
  Ireland:Communications
  
   Telephone system: 900,000 telephones; modern digital system using
   cable and microwave radio relay
   local: NA
   intercity: microwave radio relay
   international: 1 INTELSAT (Atlantic Ocean) earth station
  
   Radio:
   broadcast stations: AM 9, FM 45, shortwave 0
   radios: NA
  
   Television:
   broadcast stations: 86
   televisions: NA
  
  Ireland:Defense Forces
  
   Branches: Army (includes Naval Service and Air Corps), National Police
   (Garda Siochana)
  
   Manpower availability: males age 15-49 926,831; males fit for military
   service 749,646; males reach military age (17) annually 34,215 (1995
   est.)
  
   Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $500 million, 1.3% of
   GDP (1994)
  
  
  

資料來源(4): Internet Dictionary Project [english-german]

  Ireland
  	Irland